Planning contraception after birth

Qorshaynta ka hortagga uurka ka dib dhalmada

Close up of laughing couple hugging Waxay u muuqan kartaa wax la yaab leh in laga fikiro oo la qorsheeyo ka hortagga uurka inta aad uurka leedahay. Si kastaba ha noqotee, cilmi baaris ayaa muujisay in lammaaneyaal badan ay bilaabaan inay galmo yeeshaan lix toddobaad gudahood kadib dhalmada cunugooda. Ma ogtahay inay suurta gal tahay inaad uur yeelato markii ilmahaagu 21 maalmood jiro oo keliya xitaa ka hor inta dhiigga caadadu uu soo noqon? Ka hortag badbaado leh oo wax ku ool ah ayaa laga heli karaa qaybta dhalmada waxaana la bilaabi karaa isla marka aad dhasho. Tan macnaheedu waa inaadan u baahnayn ballamo dheeraad ah oo aad la yeelato dhakhtarkaaga guud ama rugta caafimaadka galmada si aad u bilowdo ka hortagga uurka. Tani waxay si gaar ah waxtar ugu leedahay waqti aad ku mashquulsan tahay daryeelka ilmaha dhashay iyo naftaada. Waqti qaado si aad ugala hadasho umulisadaada ama takhtarkaaga waxyaabaha ku saabsan xulashooyinka laguu heli karo adiga, oo qaarkood laga yaabo inay isla markiiba la qaadan karo dhalmada dhallaankaaga ka dib. Uurka qorsheysan ee ugu yaraan hal ilaa labo sano u dhexeeyo uurka kale ayaa lala xiriirinayaa uur caafimaad kuu leh adiga iyo cunuggaaga. Kala dambeynta uurka ee ka badan hal sano waxay yareysaa halista dhallanka dhiciska, culeyska cunuga oo hooseeya iyo dhimashada dhallaanka. Waxay kaloo yareynaysaa halista dhibaatooyinka ka dhasha uurka mustaqbalka gaar ahaan haddii aad ku umushay qalliinka dhalmada, maxaa yeelay waxay u oggolaaneysaa nabarrada ku dhaca uurkaaga inay si buuxda u bogsadaan. Ka hortagga uurka ee wax ku oolka ah ayaa kaa dhigaya inaad xakameyso go’aan ka gaarista goorta iyo haddii aad jeceshahay inaad dhasho cunug kale oo aad ku yeelan karto saameyn waxtar leh muddooyinkaaga iyo caafimaadka muddada dheer. Waxaa lagu weydiin doonaa qorshayaashaada kahortaga uurka inta lagu jiro ballamaha dhalmada ka hor. Waqti qaado si aad uga fikirto xulashooyinka kala duwan iyo waxa kugu habboon adiga. La hadal umulisadaada ama takhtarkaaga oo weydii wixii macluumaad dheeri ah ee aad u baahan karto. Markaad doorato waxaa lagu galin karaa daryeelkaaga shaqsiyeed iyo qorshaha taageerada waxaana lagu siin karaa dhalmada ka dib.

Ka hortagga uurka ee noocee ah ayaa aniga igu habboon?

Fursadaha ugu waxtarka badan ee ka hortagga uurka ayaa badanaa ah kuwa soconaya dhowr sano mana u baahnid inaad xasuusato inaad maalin walba qaadatid. Kuwaani waxaa loo yaqaan ‘Long Acting Reversible Contraption’ (LARC) waxaana ku jira hoormoonka progestogen, xarkaha naxaasta ama maqaar-galaha. Hababka muddada-gaaban (kuwa aad u baahan tahay inaad xasuusato inaad maalin kasta qaadatid) waxaa ka mid ah duritaanka ka hortagga uurka (oo loo yaqaan Depo-provera ama ‘depo’), kiniiniga progestogen kaliya (POP ama ‘mini pill’) iyo kiniiniga ka hortagga uurka ee afka laga qaato (COCP). Hababka qorshaynta qoyska ee joogtada ahi waa jeermis-dilis, halkaas oo tuubooyinka fallopian (tuubooyinka ku xira ugxan-sidaha ilmo-galeenka) lagu dhejiyo ama la jaro iyo ‘vasectomy’ oo loogu talagaly ragga. Waxaa muhiim ah in la xasuusto in midkoodna qaababkan uusan ka difaacin cudurada galmada lagu kala qaado. Haddii aad halis ugu jirto infekshan, tusaale ahaan markii aad galmo la sameyneyso lammaane cusub waa inaad sidoo kale isticmaashaa qaab caqabad ama kondhom. Ka hel wax dheeraad ah oo ku saabsan dhammaan xulashooyinka laga heli karo xirirka hoose. Intooda badan waxaa la bixin karaa isla marka aad umusho. Kaliya weydii oo xusuusnow inaad qorto waxa aad jeceshahay qaybta 16aad ee Caafimaadkaaga iyo samaqabka uurka ee daryeelka shakhsi ahaaneed iyo qorshaha taageerada.

Safety in NHS services

Nabdoonaanta adeegyada NHS

NHS logo Qoraalkani wuxuu sharraxayaa qaar ka mid ah dadaallada NHS ee dhowaan loogu talagalay in lagu xoojiyo nabdoonaanta, iyadoo la ilaalinayo tayada daryeelka xarunta adeegyada dhalmada. Tani waxay kaa caawin doontaa inaad fahanto sida daryeelka loo qaabeeyey iyo sida aad u raadsan karto taageero dheeri ah.

Qorshaha Muddada Dheer ee NHS (2019) oo ujeedadiisu ay tahay:

  • Fududeeynta helitaanka taageerada caafimaadka maskaxda si deg deg ah sida caafimaadka jirka ee hooyooyinka oo kale, lammaanahooda iyo qoysaskooda. Ka raadi app-kan macluumaadka goobta aad joogto ama la hadal agaasimahaaga daryeelka caafimaad.
  • Fududeynta badqabka ilmaha iyada oo loo maraayo halbeegyada barnaamijka “NHS England Saving Babies’ Lives Care Bundle” oo ah:
  • 1. Bixinta daryeel shaqsiyeed ah iyadoo la eegayo madax-bannaanida iyo go’aannada shaqsiyeed.
  • 2. Bixinta taageero si loo yareeyo sigaar cabista.
  • 3. Fahanka qiimeynta halista iyo maaraynta ku habboon dhallaanka halista ugu jira koritaanka daaha (koritaanka gaabiska ah).
  • 4. Lasocodsiinta habeenka uurka leh muhiimadda ay leedahay in si dhakhso ah looga warbixiyo dhaqdhaqaaqa ilmaha oo yaraada.
  • 5. In la sameeyo kormeer wax ku ool ah oo ku saabsan caafimaadka ilmaha inta lagu jiro foosha iyo dhalmada.
  • 6. Yareynta tirada dhalashada kahor sagaal bilood iyo hagaajinta daryeelka marka dhalmada sagaal bilood kahor aan laga hortagi karin iyadoo loo maraayo:

a) Saadaalin

  • Qiimee halista oo tixraac dariiqa hoose, dhexe ama khatarta sare kadibna hagaaji qorshe daryeel shaqsiyeed ah oo ku saabsan hooyada.

b) Ka hortagga

  • Qiimee haddii asbiriin loo baahan yahay wixii ka bilaabada toddobaadka 12aad ee uurka.
  • Support to stop smoking.
  • Offer a urine test at the first antenatal appointment (Booking appointment) to screen for urine infection. If treatment is indicated, a repeat urine test should be taken to ensure infection has cleared up.

c) Preparation

  • Optimise place of birth to ensure that birth occurs in a maternity unit that has the appropriate neonatal care services to support your baby.
  • Birthing people are offered corticosteroid injections between 24 and 33+6 weeks, optimally at 48 hours before birth. This is to reduce the risk of your baby having breathing difficulties, gut problems, or bleeding in the brain.
  • Birthing people who are in established labour, or who are having a planned preterm birth within the following 24 hours, are offered magnesium sulphate infusion between 24+0 and 29+6 weeks of pregnancy (or considered for this infusion between 30+0 and 33+6 weeks of pregnancy) to reduce the risk of cerebral palsy in babies.
  • Improving general health outcomes for you and your baby. NHS England is funding a 6-8 weeks mother’s health check with your General Practitioner (GP)in addition to the baby check to assess your ongoing health and wellbeing needs.

Ockenden Report (2020)

This report aims to improve safety for you through pregnancy and post-birth through:
  • Enhanced safety in maternity units by undertaking a risk assessment at each contact with the birthing person to ensure that care is tailored to your needs.
  • Maternity services must ensure that birthing people, their partners and their families are listened to.
  • Care in complex pregnancies is managed with appropriate expertise and discussion and referrals made to specialist centres where necessary.
  • Maternity services follow best practice in monitoring of the baby in labour.
  • Provide access to accurate information to facilitate informed choice of intended place of birth and type of birth.
  • Ensure there is access to translation services if communication in English is difficult.

Shared decision making

  • All professionals should support you to make informed, value-based decisions by:
  • introducing you to the options available, including their advantages and disadvantages
    helping you to explore these in the context of your preferences
    empowering you to make decisions – all professionals should support you to make informed, value-based decisions by:
  • Ask yourself these three questions:
  • What are my options?
    What are the pros and cons of each option for me?
    How do I get support to help me make a decision that is right for me?

Work, maternity/paternity leave and money

Shaqada, fasaxa umusha/aabanimada iyo lacagta

Woman holding a mobile phone to her ear with one hand and carrying a clip board in her other hand Ka dib 20-ka toddobaad ee baarista ultrasound-ka, waxaad weydiin kartaa umulisadaada ama GP-gaaga foomka MATB1. Foomkani wuxuu xaq kuu siinayaa mushaharka umusha ee sharciga ah ee loo shaqeeyaha ama kaalmada hooyonimada ee Jobcentre Plus. Inta uurka la leeyahay/dhalashada ka dib waxaad xaq u leedahay:
  • waqti fasax ah oo loogu talagalay ballamahaaga dhalmada ka hor
  • mushaharka hooyonimada ama gunnada hooyonimada
  • fasaxa umusha
  • ka hortagga daaweynta aan cadaalad ahayn, takoorka ama xil ka qaadista.
Wada-hawlgalayaasha foosha waxay xaq u leeyihiin hal ama laba toddobaad fasaxa aabbanimada oo aad wada joogtaan waxaad awoodi kartaa inaad qaadato fasaxa waalid ee la wadaago. Haddii aadan shaqeyn, ama adiga/qoyskaaga aad ku jirtid dakhli hoose waxaad xaq u yeelan kartaa dheefaha hooyada iyo gunnooyinka. Haddii aad shaqeyso, waa inaad u sheegtaa loo shaqeeyaha inaad uur leedahay ugu yaraan 15 toddobaad kahor taariikhda cunuggaaga. Markaad u sheegto loo shaqeeyaha waa inay sameeyaan qiimeyn halista ah, taas oo hubineysa in wixii isbeddel ah ee lagama maarmaanka ah lagu sameyn karo deegaankaaga shaqada ama qaabkaaga. Waxaa habboon in lala hadlo waaxda kheyraadka aadanaha ee shirkaddaada iyo helitaanka nidaamyada ku saabsan uurka iyo fasaxa umusha. Macluumaad dheeri ah oo ku saabsan fasaxa umusha/aabanimada, shaqada, cunugga ama dheefaha kale iyo lacagta waxaa laga heli karaa xiriiriyeyaashan la xiriira:

Introducing a sibling to your new baby

Barashada walaalka ama walaasha ilmahaaga cusub

Smiling young boy holds a new born baby Ma jiraan wax xeerar ah oo ku saabsan markaad u sheegto cunug weyn in cunug cusub uu jidka kuso jiro, laakiin ra’yigu wuxuu soo jeedinayaa inay caqli gal tahay in sidaas la sameeyo markaad u sheegto dadka kale si ay si toos ah kaaga maqlaan. Cunug yar ayay ku adkaan doonta inuu fahmo waxa ay tani ula jeedo hadii loo isticmaalo buugaag ama sawirro ay caawin karaan ka siifican, ama tixraac caruur kale ee laga yaabo inay dhowaan walaal ama walaashiis cusub yeesheen. Bixi wixii macluumaad ah ee looga baahan yahay heerka fahamka ilmaha. Markuu uurku sii kordhayo, waqti ku qaadashada “hadalka” ilmaha si wada jir ah ayaa u suurtagelinaya cunugga weyn inuu xiriir sameeyo oo dareemo garaaca ilmaha (“dib u hadal”). Keenista guriga cunug cusub ayaa waxyar ka duwan markii labaad. Ilmahaaga ugu horreeya, waxaad diiradda saareysaa inaad ogaato sida loo daryeelo ilmaha. Ilmaha labaad, waxaad u badan tahay inaad la yaabto sida ilmahaagu ula dhaqmi doono markuu walaal cusub yeesho. Xiriirrada hoose waxay bixiyaan talo waxtar leh oo ku saabsan sida loo maareeyo kala-guurka.

Stopping work/slowing down

Joojinta ama yaraynta shaqada

Heavily pregnant woman asleep on a sofa Markaad dooratid inaad shaqada joojiso waa arin doorbidid shaqsiyeed, laakiin waxaa mudan in la tixgeliyo safarkaaga, deegaankaaga foosha, u dhawaanshaha unuggaaga dhalmada iyo u oggolaanshaha waqti aad ugu diyaar garowdo imaatinka cunuggaaga. Tan waxaad kala hadli kartaa umulisadaada ama dhaqtarkaaga. Dhamaadka uurka waxaad dareemi kartaa daal iyo raaxo darro, sidaa darteedna waxaad u baahan kartaa caawimaad asxaabta ama qoyska si aad wax u qabato, gaar ahaan haddii aad leedahay carruur kale. Waa muhiim inaad firfircoonaato laakiin inaad sidoo kale waqti u hesho nasasho, gaar ahaan haddii aadan si fiican u seexan.imaatinka cunuggaaga. Tan waxaad kala hadli kartaa umulisadaada ama dhaqtarkaaga.

Perineal massage

Duugista Perineal

Diagram demonstarting hand positions when performing perineal massage Duugista perineum (aagga u dhexeeya xubinka taranka iyo dabada) toddobaadyada dambe ee uurka ayaa la muujiyey inay yareynayso suuragalnimada ilmada inta lagu jiro dhalashada, iyo iney ubaahan tolmo ama suuxdin. Tan waxaad ka bilaabi kartaa markaad uur leedahay 34 toddobaad oo aad ku tababarto maalin kasta/maalin kasta ilaa dhalashada cunuggaaga. Sida loo duugo perineum-kaaga:
  • gacmahaaga dhaq
  • si raaxo leh ugu fadhiiso lugahaaga jilbaha jilbaha si aad si fudud ugu gaadho perineum-kaaga. Adeegso muraayad haddii aad rabto
  • saliidda duugista (gaar ahaan khudradda ku saleysan) mari maqaarka perineum iyadoo la adeegsanayo faraha iyo suulka
  • hal ama labada suul gali gudaha xubinka taranka oo hoos ugu riix dhanka duburka. U dhaqaaq dhinac kasta dhaqdhaqaaqa fidinta U-qaabeeya. Tani waxay siin kartaa dareen kacsan/gubasho
  • ujeeddadiisu tahay in lagu duugo aagga gudaha xubinka taranka, maahan maqaarka banaanka
  • ujeedadoodu tahay in lagu dabaqo duugista shan daqiiqo.

Your baby’s movements

Dhaqdhaqaaqa cunuggaaga

Pregnant woman with a happy surprised expression looking down at her bump Laga bilaabo 16-24 toddobaad oo aad ku jirtid waa inaad dareentaa in ilmuhu sii socdo oo ka sii badan illaa 32 toddobaad, ka dibna si isku mid ah isku sii joog illaa aad dhaleyso. Waqti u qaad inaad barato qaabka caadiga ah ee cunuggaaga dhaqdhaqaaqiisa. Waa inaad sii wadaa inaad dareento in ilmahaagu si joogto ah u socdo ilaa aad ka dhalaysid isaga ama iyada. Dhaqdhaqaaqa ilmahaagu wuxuu siinayaa dammaanad qaad ah in isaga ama iyadu ay wanaagsan yihiin, sidaa darteedna haddii aad aragto dhaqdhaqaaqyadan inay isbeddelaan ama ay ka yareeyaan sidi aad kubaratay, waxaa muhiim ah in loogu yeero umulisadaada ama si deg deg ah looga qeyb galo qeybta dhalmada.
The importance of monitoring fetal movements
Muuqaalkan waxaa lagu heli karaa luqado badan. Taabo xiriirkan oo hoos u dhig si aad u aragto fiidiyowyada Ingiriisiga iyo luqadaha kale: muhiimada raadraaca dhaqdhaqaaqa cunuggaga oo ku turjuman 20 luuqadood oy kamid tahay midaarka

Getting to know your baby during pregnancy

Inaad barato cunuggaaga inta uurka aad leedahay

Pregnant woman smiling and holding a pair of baby shoes Waqti qaadashada qayb ka mid ah howlahaaga maalinlaha ah ee aad ka fikirto oo aad la xiriirto cunuggaaga aan dhalan waxaa lagu yaqaanaa inuu sii daayo oxytocin, hoormoon ka caawin kara maskaxda cunuggaaga inuu horumariyo. Ilmuhu waxay u baahan yihiin dadka waaweyn inay kobciyaan oo ay taageeraan horumarkooda inta ay uurka leeyihiin iyo hadalkooda, luqadooda iyo xiriirkooda wixii ka dambeeya dhalashada. Waxaa jira macluumaad badan oo waxtar leh oo kaa taageeraya la sheekaysiga ku soo dhaca adiga oo uurka leh iyo hadalka, heesaha, ciyaarista iyo akhrinta cunuggaaga dhalashada kadib. Waad isku dayi kartaa:
  • hadalka, heesaha, ciyaarista iyo eegida buugaagta cunuggaaga, iyo ku dhiiri gelinta lammaanahaaga/qoyskaaga/carruurta kale inay sidaas oo kale sameeyaan
  • tartiib tartiib u duugista kuuskuuskaaga
  • qubeys
  • isku day inaad waqtiga uurka yeelato yoga
  • ku celcelinta hypnobirthing
  • ku ciyaarista muusikada cunuggaaga
  • warqad u qor cunuggaaga
  • adoo adeegsanaya barnaamij kaa caawinaya inaad fahanto sida ilmahaagu u korayo una kobcayo, sida Baby Buddy App.
Building a relationship with your baby

Antenatal classes: Videos

Fasalada dhalmada ka hor: Muuqaallo

Video screen showing Part 1 of the NHS North West London Maternity Services Birth Preparation Course Fiidiyowyadan gaagaaban waxaa loogu talagalay inay caawiyaan haweenka iyo la-hawlgalayaashooda aan awoodin inay shakhsi ahaan u xaadiraan fasallada dhalmada ka hor.
The Birth Preparation Course Part 1
The Birth Preparation Course Part 2
The Birth Preparation Course Part 3
Birth Choices
Home Birth
Breathing
Early Days Part 1

Antenatal classes

Fasalada dhalmada ka hor

Mothers-to-be and their birth partners attending a antenatal class Waxbarashada dhalmada ka hor (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan diyaarinta dhalashada ama fasalada farshaxanka waalidka) ayaa kaa caawin kara inaad u diyaar garowdo dhalashada cunuggaaga, ku siinaysa kalsooni iyo macluumaad. Waxaad ka qeyb geli kartaa fasaladan lammaanahaaga si aad isugu diyaariso imaatinka cunuggaaga. Waxbarashada dhalmada ka hor sidoo kale waa hab wanaagsan oo saaxiibo lala yeesho waalidiinta kale ee filanaya dhallaanka isla waqtiga adiga oo kale ah. Saaxiibtinimadan waxay waalidiinta ka caawin karaan bilaha ugu horreeya ilmahooda cusub. Waxaa jira laba nooc oo fasal ah oo laga dooran karo:
  • fasalada dhalmada ee bilaashka ah ee NHS ee laga heli karo qaybta hooyonimada ee deegaankaaga ama xarunta carruurta. Weydii umulisadaada fasaladan
  • fasalada dhalmada ka hor/madax-bannaan.
Inta badan fasalada dhalmada waxaa la bilaabi karaa markaad uur leedahay 28-32 toddobaad, laakiin inta badan waa la ballansan karaa horay markaa way fiicantahay in booskaaga la diyaariyo goor hore. Waxaa jira fasallo gaar ah oo dhalmada ka hor ah oo loogu talagalay haweenka filaya mataanaha/saddex-geesoodka ;umulisadaada ama dhaqtarkaaga ayaa ku siin doona macluumaadka aad uga baahan tahay kuwan. Mawduucyada ay daboolayaan fasalada dhalmada ka hor waxaa ka mid ah:
  • caafimaadka uurka, oo ay kujirto cunno caafimaad leh
  • jimicsiyo si ay kuugu habboonaan karaan oo firfircoon inta uurka la leeyahay
  • waxa dhaca inta lagu jiro foosha iyo dhalashada
  • la qabsiga farsamooyinka foosha iyo macluumaadka ku saabsan xanuunka baabiiyaha
  • farsamada nasashada
  • macluumaadka ku saabsan noocyada kala duwan ee dhalashada (guud ahaan, waxaa laga caawiyay ventouse ama xoog, caesarean)
  • daryeelida iyo quudinta cunuggaaga
  • caafimaadkaaga kadib dhalashada
  • shucuurta iyo dareenka inta uurka, dhalashada iyo kadib.
Fasalada waxaa ka qeyb geli kara qof kasta – macno malahan hadii ay tahay cunugaaga ugu horeeya ama shanaad! Fiidiyowyo gaagaaban oo taxane ah ayaa loo sameeyay kuwa aan awoodin inay ka qeyb galaan fasalada shaqsi ahaan:
Portal: Antenatal classes